Razieh pourkazemi, mojgan janighorban, zahra boroumandfar and firoozeh mostafavi. Reproductive health in ghana other issues 27 health sector reforms and the effect on sexual and reproductive health 27 other reproductive health information 30 the hivaids policy 37 the family planning programme and conclusions 40 appendix 40 table of contents. Medical practice in rural africa faces extremely limited resources. Gbd serves as a global public good to inform evidencebased policymaking and health systems design. We demonstrated that there is inadequate attention to occupational health and safety practices. Types of health expenditures in ghana from 1995 to 2014. The who country health profile of ghana provides key statistics and links to health topical databases, plus news, features and bulletin journal articles on the health issues of the country. Current health issues and progress in ghana ghana is currently working towards achievement of the millennium development goals. Background to workplace safety and health issues in ghana ghana is gradually becoming an industrialized nation, and this change is exposing a large percentage of the workforce to various health and safety hazards at the workplace. Given that health workers are integral agents in the provision of healthcare, the barriers that inhibit their work and functionality have critical implications for patient access. Occupational health and safety ohs is a multidisciplinary concept touching on issues relating to such disciplines as medicine, law, technology, economics and psychology leka, 2003. The most common diseases in ghana and their prevention. The little attention to occupational health and safety practices had led to numerous occupational health and safety issues such as occupational risks, hazards and.
Although the national health insurance scheme nhis of ghana was designed to promote universal health coverage, oopes as a proportion of total health expenditures remains elevated at 26%, exceeding the whos. Womens health issues in the country are largely centered on nutrition, reproductive health and family planning. They also fear that a young person would be branded as bad just for asking a parent about these issues. As a broad based concept, occupational health and safety encapsulates the mental, emotional and physical wellbeing of the worker in. The health of women in ghana is critical for national development. The work environment should be devoid of hazards as. Key issues on occupational health and safety practices in. Common health, safety and environmental concerns in upstream oil and gas sector. Major problems facing ghana today the republic of ghana or ghana for short, is a west african country located along the gulf of guinea the northeasternmost part of the tropical atlantic ocean between the republics of ivory coast and togo. Failures, delivery challenges of ghanas health system and. James lind institute jli provides an online professional diploma in public health management and an online mph program in ghana that helps in developing public health professionals who can manage public health issues better. Ghana is a relatively small country located in western africa, with a population of about 28 million people.
Ghana is among the countries with the highest rate of people living with hivaids and deaths caused by the disease. Implications for hse management in ghana seth oppong, phd candidate sam jonah school of business, african university college of communication, ghana department of psychology, university of ghana, legon, accra, ghana abstract. The ministry of health and the ghana health service appreciate the inputs and contributions made by many organisations, stakeholders, and individuals in the drafting of the national nutrition policy for ghana. Pdf in this chapter we chart population health changes in ghana since. The who guidelines on ethical issues in public health surveillance is the. Ghana endorsed rio earth summit declaration 1992 principle 10 states. With the passing of the ghanas mental health act in 2012, one will have thought that people with mental health issues will be treated with utmost respect and dignity as. In the case of ghana s health system, the successes or desired outcomes continue to be undermined by system outputs or the unintended and undesired results of the structures and processes.
To achieve the targets for the reduction of child mortality, which forms mdg 4, ghana should reduce underfive deaths per 1,000 live births to 43, and increase measles immunisation to 100 per cent by 2015. Common health, safety and environmental concerns in. Acca the association of chartered certified accountants is the global body for professional accountants. Cdcs global health security efforts in ghana help improve the countrys ability to prevent, detect, and respond to infectious disease outbreaks before they become epidemics that could affect global populations. The ghana country health profiles provide an overview of the situation and trends of priority health problems and the health systems profile, including a description of institutional frameworks, trends in the national response, key issues and challenges. In the most recent survey, conducted between 1997 and 2010, there were nine doctors, and 105 nurses and midwives per 100,000 people.
First, we profile ghana s established health transition which encompasses epidemiological, demographic and nutrition transitions. Hiv and aids are just as dangerous and, unfortunately, very widespread. Approximately 150 million people suffer from financial catastrophe annually because of outofpocket expenditures oopes on health. These efforts help ghana reach the targets outlined in the global health security agenda ghsa, a global partnership.
Considering the recent struggle in the ghanaian health sector, ghanaian. Reproductive health of vulnerable adolescent girls is a top priority in global programs. Government spending makes up about half of total health expenditure in ghana, with about one third of government spending in the form of a recently. Through key health reforms, including implementing a national health insurance scheme, ghana has affirmed its commitment to increasing financial protection and access to needed health services. The aim of the service policy and the strategy is to provide the framework within which health service provision and. The work environment should be devoid of hazards as much as. When preparing for your expat assignment to ghana, please prepare yourself thoroughly for the infectious diseases and other health issues that might await you.
The effect of ghanas national health insurance scheme on. In parallel, the paper highlights challenges of the ghana health system of which. Ghana country assessment report on ageing and health. Ministry of health moh and its development partners are committed to the. Work provides economic, social and psychological experiences that promote the mental well being of individuals. In precolonial ghana, infectious diseases were the main cause of morbidity and mortality. Group and partners supported the ghana health service to develop this service policy and strategy for ghanas adolescent health and development programme. Considering the recent struggle in the ghanaian health sector. Ghanas national health insurance scheme nhis was created by the national health insurance act of august 2003, and is one of very few attempts by a subsaharan african country to implement a nationallevel, universal health insurance program. The ghana feltp recognizes that the health of people is connected to the health of animals and the environment, enrolling physicians, laboratory scientists, veterinarians, and food and drug authority officials as part of the program. Sometimes these unintended results or outputs are good, and everybody likes to have unexpected good results. This report provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on adolescent sexual and reproductive health issues in ghana, with a focus on hiv prevention.
Reproduction is the source of many health problems for women in ghana. Contemporary employees spend most of their working lives at the workplace. Pdf health and healthcare in ghana, 19572017 researchgate. Ghana confronted with environmental challenges graphic. Ghana has made progress toward achieving universal health coverage, however gaps in coverage remain. Profile overview in terms of the number of years of life lost ylls due to premature death in ghana, malaria, hivaids, and lower. In march, jennifer nyarko, a student at the university of ghana legon jumped to her death from the fourth floor of student housing. Images of her inconsolable father wrought with grief filled my facebook timeline, and for the greater part of two weeks, jennifers story sent an entire nation into. Adolescent sexual and reproductive health in ghana. Review of environmental and health impacts of mining in ghana. Womens health issues in the country are largely centered on nutrition, reproductive health. Until 1996, the moh oversaw the direct provision of health service delivery in ghana.
Structure of health care in ghana two governmental bodies oversee health care infrastructure and delivery in ghana the ministry of health moh and ghana health services ghs. In this chapter we chart population health changes in ghana since 1957 and associated health systems responses. The ghana helath service ghs is an autonomous executive agency responsible for implementation of national policies under the control of the minister for health through its governing council the ghana health service council. The centers for disease control and prevention cdc has collaborated with the ghana health service ghs, ghana aids commission gac, and other agencies since 2009 through the us presidents emergency program for aids relief pepfar to support hivaids prevention, care, and treatment. Ghana is still confronted with serious and complex environmental challenges, despite the various interventions by the environmental protection agency epa over the last 40 years. The ultimate goal of this report is to identify responses and policy options associated with mining in ghana leading to improved environmental quality and human health. Ghana borders the republic of burkina faso to the north, the republic of togo to the.
The goal of the guideline development project was to to help policymakers and practitioners navigate the ethical issues presented by public health surveillance. Cdc also works with ghana to strengthen laboratory, surveillance, and workforce capacity to respond to disease outbreaks in support of the global health security agenda. Alcohol consumption, drug abuse, high risk sexual behaviors, sexually transmitted diseases, sexual assault, escape from. This will enable us to gain knowledge of how they were able to put their health. Evaluating the impact of the national health insurance. Medical illnesses in ghana overlap with those in developed countries, but infection, trauma, and womens health problems are much more prominent. These are contained in section 4 of this document, which is a distillation of the assessment report. Work provides economic, social and psychological experiences that promote the mental wellbeing of individuals. Ghana is a developing country in west africa with a population of about 25 million. It also identified various funding mechanisms available to. Medical practice in rural africa faces extremely limited. At independence, the predominant health problems of ghanaians were commu.
In recent years, ghana has made improvements in its national health, such as the reduction of infant mortality. Failures, delivery challenges of ghanas health system and the solutions is the. The epidemiological transition is characterised by. Whoever reads this report will be able to appreciate the main issues confronting the healthcare system in ghana, especially the national health insurance scheme. These challenges include waste management, illegal mining.
The ghana health service ghs together with other health agencies of the. This report provides an oversight into some of the key issues facing the health sector in ghana and describes the role professionally qualified accountants can play in achieving the countrys health goals. The labour department of ghana annual report 2000 gave a total of 8,692 workrelated. Six in 10 teenagers say that knowledge of hivaids has influenced.