C6h4n2o5, phenol, 2,4dinitro, 1,3dinitro4hydroxybenzene, 1hydroxy2,4dinitrobenzene, 2,4dinitrofenol, 2,4dinitrophenol, 2,4dnp, aldifen. Officially, while an industrial chemical dnp is pure poison. When in a dry form, it is a high explosive and has an instantaneous explosion hazard. This page is regularly updated, to include the most recently available clinical trial evidence. Dnp is used in developing photography, killing fungi, and as an industrial pesticide. It is a yellow, crystalline solid that has a sweet, musty odor. Youve probably seen 2,4dinitrophenylhydrazine referred to alternately as 2,4dnph or 2,4dnp.
The compound can often be found in pressure treated wood as a fungicide, in various dyes, used in photograph development and as an insecticide. It has a role as an oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor, a bacterial xenobiotic metabolite and an antiseptic drug. Buy dnp 2,4dinitrophenol not for human consumption. It uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by carrying protons across the mitochondrial membrane, leading to a. However, 2,4dnp can also refer to 2,4dinitrophenol, which isnt. A weight loss agent with significant acute toxicity and risk of death, however in studies of intermediateduration oral exposure to 2,4dnp, cases of death from agranulocytosis described in the discussion of hematological effects have been attributed to. New highly selective method is suggested for synthesis of 2,4dinitrophenol by nitration of phenol with nitric acid in an aqueousalcoholic medium at the boiling point of the reaction mixture. It is volatile with steam and is soluble in most organic solvents as well as aqueous alkaline solutions. Strictly speaking, the former is more correct, though the latter is commonly used to refer to it too. Dnp 2,4dinitrophenol is a chemical product that was historically used as an antiseptic, herbicide, and explosive. Also it can be used as acid base indicator and used to test potassium, ammonium and magnesium, etc. A year or more ago, i was on an antidepressant regimen that made me gain a lot of weight. In addition, it can be used to get 2bromo4,6dinitrophenol.
The lowest published lethal human oral dose of dnp is 4. Hazard codes t, n risk statements 232425 toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. Like picric acid 2,4 6trinitrophenol, 2, 4dinitrophenol is a powerful explosive material. The chemical structure of 2,4dinitrophenol is shown in figure 1. Fsa action over dnp fat burner substances august 21 20. Table of contents 1 history 2 how it works 3 bodybuilding 4 side effects 5.
The most commercially important dinitrophenol, 2,4 dinitrophenol dnp, is a yellow solid with no smell. Dnp present in water and soil as a pollutant does not easily evaporate to air. Also incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases and. Our evidencebased analysis on 2,4dinitrophenol features 23 unique references to scientific papers. Classified as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation medically, it is quite. First aid measures general advice consult a physician.
The acute shortterm effects of 2,4dinitrophenol in humans through oral exposure are nausea, vomiting, sweating, dizziness, headaches, and loss of weight. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance. Lcmsms analysis of 2,4dinitrophenol and its phase i and ii metabolites in a case of fatal poisoning. If inhaled if breathed in, move person into fresh air. Dnp 2,4dinitrophenol, an industrial chemical with various applications, has gained steady popularity as a fat loss tool. So while it goes work well at burning fat, youre ingesting an industrial poison to do so, and that is no hyperbole. William stillwell, in an introduction to biological membranes second edition, 2016. It sublimes, is volatile with steam, and is soluble in most organic solvents as well as aqueous alkaline solutions. Uses the predominant use of 2,4dinitrotoluene is as an intermediate in the manufacture of polyurethanes. It is most often used as an antiseptic and a precursor to sulfur dyes.
A wide variety of dinitrophenol 2 4 options are available to you, such as medicine grade, industrial grade, and food grade. Other applications include uses as an intermediate in dye processes and in smokeless gunpowders. The dissociation or uncoupling of phosphorylation from electron transport by 2,4dinitrophenol was first described by loomis and lipmann in 1948 1. It is a synthetic lipidsoluble proton ionophore that dissipates proton gradients across bioenergetic membranes mitochondrial inner, thylakoid, bacterial plasma. Each member of our research team is required to have no conflicts of interest, including with supplement manufacturers, food companies, and industry. The mechanism of uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. This profile mainly contains information on the most commercially important dinitrophenol, 2,4dinitrophenol, which is called dnp in this document. Dnp is sold mostly over the internet under a number of different names as a weight lossslimming aid. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Links to pubmed are also available for selected references. Whilst its effects are fast acting there are a number of serious side effects that occur, ultimately leading to death. In bodybuilding, it is used for rapid fat loss, but its considered extremely dangerous when ingested. This is a chemical that was once used in the early 20th century to ignite dynamite and cast a yellow dye on wood and other handcrafts. A weight loss agent with significant acute toxicity and risk of death.
Epa rfdrfc work group and determined to be inadequate for the derivation of an inhalation rfc. This page was last edited on 12 february 2016, at 20. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 2. A few years later demographical statistics showed that employees who worked with. Dinitrophenols are a class of synthetic organic chemicals that can exist in six individual forms. It is used in making dyes, wood preservatives, explosives, insect control substances, and other chemicals, and as a photographic developer. Dnp is known by its official name, 2,4dinitrophenol, and is considered an industrial chemical. A few years later demographical statistics showed that employees who worked with dnp everyday tended to lose weight, often rapidly. The top countries of suppliers are india, china, from which the percentage of dinitrophenol 2 4 supply is 15%, 80% respectively. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
There are 20 suppliers who sells dinitrophenol 2 4 on, mainly located in asia. The effects reported with this chemical are severe, with many users experiencing. It was synthesised in a multistep reaction, starting. Dinitrophenols are a class of manufactured chemicals that do not occur naturally in the environment. Boasting an astounding 50% increase in metabolic rate, it is able to contribute to reported fat losses of 1012 pounds in 8 days of use. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Dnp, officially labeled as 2,4dinitrophenol, is classified as an industrial chemical. Dinitrophenols do not occur naturally in the environment.